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IP 12: Protection against accidental or inadvertent contact with live and moving parts inside the enclosure by a large surface of the human body (for example: a hand) but no protection against deliberate access to such parts. Protection against ingress of large solid foreign bodies (diameter greater than 50 mm). Machine protected against drops of water falling up to 15° from the vertical.

IP 22: Protection against contact by finger with live or moving parts inside the enclosure.1 Protection against ingress of small solid foreign bodies (diameter greater than 12 mm). Machine protected against drops of water falling up to 15° from the vertical.

IP 23: Machine protected against spraying water. A machine is weather protected when its design reduces the ingress of rain, snow, and airborne particles, under specified conditions, to an amount consistent with correct operation.

IPW 23: Protection against contact by finger with live or moving parts inside the enclosure. Protection against ingress of small solid foreign bodies ( diameter greater than 12 mm). Water falling as a spray at an angle equal to or smaller than 60° with respect to the vertical shall have no harmful effect.(1)

IPW 24: Protection against contact by finger with live or moving parts inside the enclosure. Protection against ingress of small solid foreign bodies (diameter greater than 12 mm). Water splashed against the machine from any direction shall have no harmful effect.

IP 44: Protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure by tools, wires, or such objects of thickness greater than 1 mm. Protection against ingress of small solid foreign bodies (diameter greater than 1 mm) excluding the ventilation openings (intake and discharge of external fans) and the drain hole of enclosed machine, which may have degree 2 protection. Water splashed against the machine from any direction shall have no harmful effect.

IP 54: Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure.(1) Protection against harmful deposits of dust. The ingress of dust is not totally prevented, but dust cannot enter in an amount sufficient to interfere with  satisfactory operation of the machine. Water splashed against the motor from any direction shall have no harmful effects.

IP 55: Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure.(1) Protection against harmful deposits of dust. The ingress of dust is not totally prevented, but dust cannot enter in an amount sufficient to interfere with satisfactory operation of the machine. Water projected by a nozzle against the machine from any direction shall have no harmful effect.

(1) In the case of machines cooled by means of an external fan, the fan shall be protected so as to prevent contact of the blades or the spokes of the fan with the standard test finger. However, at the outlet of the fan, the test finger is not inserted past the 50 mm diameter guard.